Agroecologia como movimento socioterritorial um estudo sobre circuitos curtos de comercialização e reforma agrária popular no estado de São Paulo
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2023-05-05
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
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A presente tese intitulada “Agroecologia como movimento socioterritorial: um estudo sobre circuitos curtos de comercialização e Reforma Agrária Popular no estado de São Paulo”, desenvolvida no âmbito do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geografia, na Universidade Estadual Paulista – Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia (UNESP-FCT), se propõe a discutir se e como as modalidades de circuitos curtos de comercialização, estão sendo apropriadas pelas famílias assentadas no estado de São Paulo, enquanto práticas político-organizativas, que contribuem para a espacialização e territorialização da Reforma Agrária Popular e da agroecologia e consequentemente para a construção de alternativas às formas de uso e gestão do território baseadas na lógica do capital e do agronegócio. Tal debate se insere no contexto da construção teórica e política, pautado pelo Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra (MST) no programa agrário, aprovado em 2014, em seu VI Congresso Nacional. A fundamentação teórico-metodológica está pautada pelos princípios da pesquisa participante e da discussão das categorias de análise: territórios, espacialização, territorialização e suas relações com a concepção de reforma agrária e agroecologia. Os procedimentos metodológicos adotados para realização da pesquisa foram: trabalhos de campo, com visitas às áreas de assentamentos e locais de comercialização que se enquadram na categorização de circuitos curtos de comercialização; observação-participante junto às experiências em andamento e participação em eventos organizados pelas famílias assentadas e pelo Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra – MST; entrevistas semiestruturadas não diretivas; revisão bibliográfica e documental e acompanhamento as publicações nas redes sociais. A área de abrangência é o estado de São Paulo, tendo como referência a organização territorial do MST, conformada por 10 regiões de atuação: Andradina, Campinas, Grande São Paulo, Iaras, Pontal do Paranapanema, Promissão, Ribeirão Preto, Sorocaba, Sudoeste e Vale do Paraíba. Com base nesse dado, procuramos averiguar onde estão localizadas as experiências de circuitos curtos de comercialização e de agroecologia mais estruturadas, o que nos levou a focar nossas atividades de pesquisa nas regiões do Pontal do Paranapanema, Promissão, Ribeirão Preto e Sorocaba. Os resultados obtidos nos permitem interpretar a agroecologia enquanto movimento socioterritorial e as formas de comercialização que tem como princípio o contato direto entre agricultoras, agricultores e consumidores desenvolvidas pelas famílias assentadas, como parte integrante dos fundamentos do programa agrário do MST, enquanto ações concretas, que promovem o diálogo com outros segmentos da classe trabalhadora, buscando denunciar o agronegócio e ampliar a correlação de forças para a disputa de um projeto societário, que supere a lógica de maximização do lucro em detrimento do bem comum da humanidade.
The present thesis entitled “Agroecology as a socioterritorial movement: a study on short circuits of commercialization and Popular Agrarian Reform in the state of São Paulo,” developed within the Graduate Program in Geography at São Paulo State University – Faculty of Sciences and Technology (UNESP-FCT), proposes to discuss if and how the modalities of short commercialization circuits are being appropriated by families settled in the state of São Paulo as political-organizational practices, which contribute to the spatialization and territorialization of the Popular Agrarian Reform and the agroecology and consequently for the construction of alternatives to the forms of use and management of the territory based on the logic of capital and agribusiness. This debate is part of theoretical and political construction, guided by the Landless Rural Workers Movement (MST) in the agrarian program, approved in 2014, in its VI National Congress. The theoretical-methodological foundation is driven by the principles of participant research and discussion of the categories of analysis: territories, spatialization, territorialization, and their relations with the conception of agrarian reform and agroecology. The methodological procedures adopted for research were: field work, with visits to settlement areas and commercialization places that fit into the categorization of short commercialization circuits; participant observation with ongoing experiences and participation in events organized by settled families and by the Landless Rural Workers Movement – MST; non-directive semi-structured interviews; bibliographical and documentary review and follow-up of publications on social networks. The coverage area is the state of São Paulo, having as a reference the territorial organization of the MST made up of 10 regions of action: Andradina, Campinas, Greater São Paulo, Iaras, Pontal do Paranapanema, Promissão, Ribeirão Preto, Sorocaba, Sudoeste and Paraiba Valley. Based on this data, we tried to find out where the experiences of short marketing circuits and more structured agroecology are located, which led us to focus our research activities on the regions of Pontal do Paranapanema, Promissão, Ribeirão Preto, and Sorocaba. The results allow us to interpret agroecology as a socio-territorial movement and the forms of commercialization, which have as their principle the direct contact between farmers and consumers, developed by settled families, as an integral part of the fundamentals of the MST's agrarian program. With that, we can say that this format results in concrete actions, which promote dialogue with other segments of the working class, seeking to denounce agribusiness and expand the correlation of forces for the dispute of a corporate project, which overcomes the logic of profit maximization to the detriment of the common good of humanity.
The present thesis entitled “Agroecology as a socioterritorial movement: a study on short circuits of commercialization and Popular Agrarian Reform in the state of São Paulo,” developed within the Graduate Program in Geography at São Paulo State University – Faculty of Sciences and Technology (UNESP-FCT), proposes to discuss if and how the modalities of short commercialization circuits are being appropriated by families settled in the state of São Paulo as political-organizational practices, which contribute to the spatialization and territorialization of the Popular Agrarian Reform and the agroecology and consequently for the construction of alternatives to the forms of use and management of the territory based on the logic of capital and agribusiness. This debate is part of theoretical and political construction, guided by the Landless Rural Workers Movement (MST) in the agrarian program, approved in 2014, in its VI National Congress. The theoretical-methodological foundation is driven by the principles of participant research and discussion of the categories of analysis: territories, spatialization, territorialization, and their relations with the conception of agrarian reform and agroecology. The methodological procedures adopted for research were: field work, with visits to settlement areas and commercialization places that fit into the categorization of short commercialization circuits; participant observation with ongoing experiences and participation in events organized by settled families and by the Landless Rural Workers Movement – MST; non-directive semi-structured interviews; bibliographical and documentary review and follow-up of publications on social networks. The coverage area is the state of São Paulo, having as a reference the territorial organization of the MST made up of 10 regions of action: Andradina, Campinas, Greater São Paulo, Iaras, Pontal do Paranapanema, Promissão, Ribeirão Preto, Sorocaba, Sudoeste and Paraiba Valley. Based on this data, we tried to find out where the experiences of short marketing circuits and more structured agroecology are located, which led us to focus our research activities on the regions of Pontal do Paranapanema, Promissão, Ribeirão Preto, and Sorocaba. The results allow us to interpret agroecology as a socio-territorial movement and the forms of commercialization, which have as their principle the direct contact between farmers and consumers, developed by settled families, as an integral part of the fundamentals of the MST's agrarian program. With that, we can say that this format results in concrete actions, which promote dialogue with other segments of the working class, seeking to denounce agribusiness and expand the correlation of forces for the dispute of a corporate project, which overcomes the logic of profit maximization to the detriment of the common good of humanity.
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Sistemas alimentares, Territórios, Agroecologia, Assentamentos, Movimentos socioterritoriais, Food systems, Territories, Agroecology, Settlements, Socioterritorial movements