A decadência ideológica da ciência econômica e a formação política no MST e no 13 de Maio NEP
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2024-02-05
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O objeto de análise desta tese é a formação em economia para a consciência de classe. O argumento central aqui defendido é de que, se por um lado a teoria econômica tem sido uma poderosa arma ideológica da classe dominante, por outro, a apropriação crítica dessa ciência é condição necessária (ainda que insuficiente) ao avanço do processo de consciência das classes trabalhadoras. Ocorre que, como a ciência econômica burguesa é hegemônica nos centros de ensino especializado e nos grandes meios de comunicação de massa (onde a sua crítica é apenas residual) tem cabido em especial aos espaços de formação política de movimentos sociais o papel de fazer o seu contraponto a partir da crítica da Economia Política. Tendo isso em vista, no primeiro capítulo, foi feita uma revisão teórica sobre os temas ideologia e consciência de classe com o intuito de explicar como o processo de decadência ideológica da ciência econômica burguesa – descrito no segundo capítulo – tem criado mecanismos para massificar sua difusão mesmo diante de sistemáticas crises econômicas, científicas e ideológicas. O terceiro capítulo trata do processo de surgimento da ciência econômica proletária a partir da crítica da Economia Política de Marx e o seu amadurecimento ao longo do desenvolvimento do modo de produção capitalista e dos desfechos da luta de classes. O capítulo quarto aborda a manifestação particular no Brasil dos mesmos fenômenos e processos observados nos dois capítulos anteriores com ênfase na questão do desenvolvimento. Por fim, os dois últimos capítulos são estudos de caso das principais contribuições teórico-metodológicas de experiências de Educação Popular para a difusão da ciência proletária no Brasil, em especial no que se refere ao tratamento da temática econômica. Foram analisados o Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem-Terra (MST) e o 13 de Maio NEP (Núcleo de Educação Popular). A intenção da tese foi colaborar para uma reflexão a respeito de teoria econômica, de método e de metodologia de formação política e uma contribuição a respeito da necessidade de se criar meios e formas de difusão não só da crítica da Economia Política mas também de uma crítica da Ciência Econômica burguesa, mais do que nunca necessária ao avanço do processo de consciência das classes trabalhadoras no atual estágio do desenvolvimento capitalista regido pelo negacionismo neoliberal próprio do processo de decadência ideológica das classes dominantes e que tem se cristalizado enquanto a miséria da economia e aprofundado a economia da miséria.
The object of analysis of this thesis is training in economics for class consciousness. The central argument defended here is that, if on the one hand economic theory has been a powerful ideological weapon of the ruling class, on the other hand, the critical appropriation of this science is a necessary (although insufficient) condition for the advancement of the process of working class consciousness. It turns out that, as bourgeois economic science is hegemonic in specialized teaching centers and in the large mass media (where its criticism is only residual), it has been the role of doing its part in particular to the spaces of political formation of social movements counterpoint from the critique of Political Economy. With this in mind, in the first chapter, a theoretical review was made on the themes of ideology and class consciousness with the aim of explaining how the process of ideological decay of bourgeois economic science – described in the second chapter – has created mechanisms to massify its diffusion even in the face of systematic economic, scientific and ideological crises. The third chapter deals with the process of emergence of proletarian economic science based on the marxist critique of Political Economy and its maturation throughout the development of the capitalist mode of production and the outcomes of the class struggle. The fourth chapter addresses the particular manifestation in Brazil of the same phenomenon and processes observed in the two previous chapters with an emphasis on the issue of development. Finally, the last two chapters are case studies of the main theoretical-methodological contributions of Popular Education experiences for the dissemination of proletarian science in Brazil, especially with regard to the treatment of economic themes. The Landless Rural Workers Movement (MST) and the 13 de Maio NEP (Popular Education Center) were analyzed. The intention of the thesis was to contribute to a reflection on economic theory, method and methodology of political formation and a contribution regarding the need to create means and forms of dissemination not only the critique of Political Economy but also a critique of bourgeois Economic Science, more than ever necessary to advance the process of consciousness of the working classes in the current stage of capitalist development governed by neoliberal denialism typical of the process of ideological decadence of the dominant classes and which has crystallized as the misery of the economy has deepened the economy of misery.
The object of analysis of this thesis is training in economics for class consciousness. The central argument defended here is that, if on the one hand economic theory has been a powerful ideological weapon of the ruling class, on the other hand, the critical appropriation of this science is a necessary (although insufficient) condition for the advancement of the process of working class consciousness. It turns out that, as bourgeois economic science is hegemonic in specialized teaching centers and in the large mass media (where its criticism is only residual), it has been the role of doing its part in particular to the spaces of political formation of social movements counterpoint from the critique of Political Economy. With this in mind, in the first chapter, a theoretical review was made on the themes of ideology and class consciousness with the aim of explaining how the process of ideological decay of bourgeois economic science – described in the second chapter – has created mechanisms to massify its diffusion even in the face of systematic economic, scientific and ideological crises. The third chapter deals with the process of emergence of proletarian economic science based on the marxist critique of Political Economy and its maturation throughout the development of the capitalist mode of production and the outcomes of the class struggle. The fourth chapter addresses the particular manifestation in Brazil of the same phenomenon and processes observed in the two previous chapters with an emphasis on the issue of development. Finally, the last two chapters are case studies of the main theoretical-methodological contributions of Popular Education experiences for the dissemination of proletarian science in Brazil, especially with regard to the treatment of economic themes. The Landless Rural Workers Movement (MST) and the 13 de Maio NEP (Popular Education Center) were analyzed. The intention of the thesis was to contribute to a reflection on economic theory, method and methodology of political formation and a contribution regarding the need to create means and forms of dissemination not only the critique of Political Economy but also a critique of bourgeois Economic Science, more than ever necessary to advance the process of consciousness of the working classes in the current stage of capitalist development governed by neoliberal denialism typical of the process of ideological decadence of the dominant classes and which has crystallized as the misery of the economy has deepened the economy of misery.
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Movimentos sociais, Educação popular, Economia, Social movements, Popular education, Economy
Como citar
LUBLINER, Theo Martins. A decadência ideológica da ciência econômica e a formação política no MST e no 13 de Maio NEP. 2024. 310 f. Tese (Doutorado em Educação) - Faculdade de Filosofia e Ciências, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Marília, 2024.