Delaney G. Jacob S. Featherstone C. Barton M. The Role of Radiotherapy in Cancer Treatment: Estimating Optimal Utilization from a Review of Evidence-Based Clinical Guidelines Cancer 2005 104 1129 1137 10.1002/cncr.21324 16080176
Borras J.M. Lievens Y. Grau C. The Need for Radiotherapy in Europe in 2020: Not Only Data but Also a Cancer Plan Acta Oncol. 2015 54 1268 1274 10.3109/0284186X.2015.1062139 26213310
Barnett G.C. West C.M.L. Dunning A.M. Elliott R.M. Coles C.E. Pharoah P.D.P. Burnet N.G. Normal Tissue Reactions to Radiotherapy: Towards Tailoring Treatment Dose by Genotype Nat. Rev. Cancer 2009 9 134 142 10.1038/nrc2587 19148183
De Ruysscher D. Niedermann G. Burnet N.G. Siva S. Lee A.W.M. Hegi-Johnson F. Radiotherapy Toxicity Nat. Rev. Dis. Primer 2019 5 13 10.1038/s41572-019-0064-5 30792503
Facoetti A. Barcellini A. Valvo F. Pullia M. The Role of Particle Therapy in the Risk of Radio-Induced Second Tumors: A Review of the Literature Anticancer Res. 2019 39 4613 4617 10.21873/anticanres.13641
Pacelli R. Caroprese M. Palma G. Oliviero C. Clemente S. Cella L. Conson M. Technological Evolution of Radiation Treatment: Implications for Clinical Applications Semin. Oncol. 2019 46 193 201 10.1053/j.seminoncol.2019.07.004
Liu Y. Zhang P. Li F. Jin X. Li J. Chen W. Li Q. Metal-Based NanoEnhancers for Future Radiotherapy: Radiosensitizing and Synergistic Effects on Tumor Cells Theranostics 2018 8 1824 1849 10.7150/thno.22172
Hainfeld J.F. Slatkin D.N. Smilowitz H.M. The Use of Gold Nanoparticles to Enhance Radiotherapy in Mice Phys. Med. Biol. 2004 49 N309 N315 10.1088/0031-9155/49/18/N03
Schuemann J. Bagley A.F. Berbeco R. Bromma K. Butterworth K.T. Byrne H.L. Chithrani B.D. Cho S.H. Cook J.R. Favaudon V. et al. Roadmap for Metal Nanoparticles in Radiation Therapy: Current Status, Translational Challenges, and Future Directions Phys. Med. Biol. 2020 65 21RM02 10.1088/1361-6560/ab9159
Bilynsky C. Millot N. Papa A. Radiation Nanosensitizers in Cancer Therapy—From Preclinical Discoveries to the Outcomes of Early Clinical Trials Bioeng. Transl. Med. 2022 7 e10256 10.1002/btm2.10256
Sun H. Wang X. Zhai S. The Rational Design and Biological Mechanisms of Nanoradiosensitizers Nanomaterials 2020 10 504 10.3390/nano10030504 32168899
Nosrati H. Baghdadchi Y. Abbasi R. Barsbay M. Ghaffarlou M. Abhari F. Mohammadi A. Kavetskyy T. Bochani S. Rezaeejam H. et al. Iron Oxide and Gold Bimetallic Radiosensitizers for Synchronous Tumor Chemoradiation Therapy in 4T1 Breast Cancer Murine Model J. Mater. Chem. B 2021 9 4510 4522 10.1039/D0TB02561E 34027529
Sood A. Dev A. Sardoiwala M.N. Choudhury S.R. Chaturvedi S. Mishra A.K. Karmakar S. Alpha-Ketoglutarate Decorated Iron Oxide-Gold Core-Shell Nanoparticles for Active Mitochondrial Targeting and Radiosensitization Enhancement in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Mater. Sci. Eng. C 2021 129 112394 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112394 34579913
Brero F. Albino M. Antoccia A. Arosio P. Avolio M. Berardinelli F. Bettega D. Calzolari P. Ciocca M. Corti M. et al. Hadron Therapy, Magnetic Nanoparticles and Hyperthermia: A Promising Combined Tool for Pancreatic Cancer Treatment Nanomaterials 2020 10 1919 10.3390/nano10101919 32993001
Khoei S. Mahdavi S.R. Fakhimikabir H. Shakeri-Zadeh A. Hashemian A. The Role of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles in the Radiosensitization of Human Prostate Carcinoma Cell Line DU145 at Megavoltage Radiation Energies Int. J. Radiat. Biol. 2014 90 351 356 10.3109/09553002.2014.888104
Kirakli E.K. Takan G. Hoca S. Müftüler F.Z.B. Kılçar A.Y. Kamer S.A. Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticle (SPION) Mediated in Vitro Radiosensitization at Megavoltage Radiation Energies J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. 2018 315 595 602 10.1007/s10967-018-5704-9
Klein S. Sommer A. Distel L.V.R. Hazemann J.-L. Kröner W. Neuhuber W. Müller P. Proux O. Kryschi C. Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles as Novel X-Ray Enhancer for Low-Dose Radiation Therapy J. Phys. Chem. B 2014 118 6159 6166 10.1021/jp5026224
Hauser A.K. Mitov M.I. Daley E.F. McGarry R.C. Anderson K.W. Hilt J.Z. Targeted Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for the Enhancement of Radiation Therapy Biomaterials 2016 105 127 135 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.07.032
Russell E. Dunne V. Russell B. Mohamud H. Ghita M. McMahon S.J. Butterworth K.T. Schettino G. McGarry C.K. Prise K.M. Impact of Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles on in Vitro and in Vivo Radiosensitisation of Cancer Cells Radiat. Oncol. 2021 16 104 10.1186/s13014-021-01829-y
Stanicki D. Vangijzegem T. Ternad I. Laurent S. An Update on the Applications and Characteristics of Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Drug Delivery Expert Opin. Drug Deliv. 2022 19 321 335 10.1080/17425247.2022.2047020 35202551
Laurent S. Bridot J.-L. Elst L.V. Muller R.N. Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications Future Med. Chem. 2010 2 427 449 10.4155/fmc.09.164 21426176
Shen Z. Wu A. Chen X. Iron Oxide Nanoparticle Based Contrast Agents for Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mol. Pharm. 2017 14 1352 1364 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.6b00839 27776215
Grégoire V. Guckenberger M. Haustermans K. Lagendijk J.J.W. Ménard C. Pötter R. Slotman B.J. Tanderup K. Thorwarth D. Herk M. et al. Image Guidance in Radiation Therapy for Better Cure of Cancer Mol. Oncol. 2020 14 1470 1491 10.1002/1878-0261.12751
Subhan M.A. Yalamarty S.S.K. Filipczak N. Parveen F. Torchilin V.P. Recent Advances in Tumor Targeting via EPR Effect for Cancer Treatment J. Pers. Med. 2021 11 571 10.3390/jpm11060571
Alexis F. Pridgen E. Molnar L.K. Farokhzad O.C. Factors Affecting the Clearance and Biodistribution of Polymeric Nanoparticles Mol. Pharm. 2008 5 505 515 10.1021/mp800051m
Ernsting M.J. Murakami M. Roy A. Li S.-D. Factors Controlling the Pharmacokinetics, Biodistribution and Intratumoral Penetration of Nanoparticles J. Control. Release 2013 172 782 794 10.1016/j.jconrel.2013.09.013
Penninckx S. Heuskin A.-C. Michiels C. Lucas S. The Role of Thioredoxin Reductase in Gold Nanoparticle Radiosensitization Effects Nanomedicine 2018 13 2917 2937 10.2217/nnm-2018-0171
Penninckx S. Heuskin A.-C. Michiels C. Lucas S. Gold Nanoparticles as a Potent Radiosensitizer: A Transdisciplinary Approach from Physics to Patient Cancers 2020 12 2021 10.3390/cancers12082021
Mármol I. Quero J. Rodríguez-Yoldi M.J. Cerrada E. Gold as a Possible Alternative to Platinum-Based Chemotherapy for Colon Cancer Treatment Cancers 2019 11 780 10.3390/cancers11060780
Bridot J.-L. Stanicki D. Laurent S. Boutry S. Gossuin Y. Leclère P. Lazzaroni R. Vander Elst L. Muller R.N. New Carboxysilane-Coated Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Nonspecific Cell Labelling: New uspio for cell labelling Contrast Media Mol. Imaging 2013 8 466 474 10.1002/cmmi.1552 24375902
Stanicki D. Larbanoix L. Boutry S. Vangijzegem T. Ternad I. Garifo S. Muller R.N. Laurent S. Impact of the Chain Length on the Biodistribution Profiles of PEGylated Iron Oxide Nanoparticles: A Multimodal Imaging Study J. Mater. Chem. B 2021 9 5055 5068 10.1039/D1TB00573A 34132320
Hannecart A. Stanicki D. Vander Elst L. Muller R.N. Lecommandoux S. Thévenot J. Bonduelle C. Trotier A. Massot P. Miraux S. et al. Nano-Thermometers with Thermo-Sensitive Polymer Grafted USPIOs Behaving as Positive Contrast Agents in Low-Field MRI Nanoscale 2015 7 3754 3767 10.1039/C4NR07064J 25644780
Rabel M. Warncke P. Grüttner C. Bergemann C. Kurland H.-D. Müller R. Dugandžić V. Thamm J. Müller F.A. Popp J. et al. Simulation of the Long-Term Fate of Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide-Based Nanoparticles Using Simulated Biological Fluids Nanomedicine 2019 14 1681 1706 10.2217/nnm-2018-0382 31298071
Boutry S. Forge D. Burtea C. Mahieu I. Murariu O. Laurent S. Vander Elst L. Muller R.N. How to Quantify Iron in an Aqueous or Biological Matrix: A Technical Note Contrast Media Mol. Imaging 2009 4 299 304 10.1002/cmmi.291
Wéra A.-C. Riquier H. Heuskin A.-C. Michiels C. Lucas S. In Vitro Irradiation Station for Broad Beam Radiobiological Experiments Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B Beam Interact. Mater. At. 2011 269 3120 3124 10.1016/j.nimb.2011.04.104
Biersack J.P. Ziegler J.F. The Stopping and Range of Ions in Solids Proceedings of the Ion Implantation Techniques Ryssel H. Glawischnig H. Springer Berlin/Heidelberg, Germany 1982 122 156
Penninckx S. Heuskin A.-C. Michiels C. Lucas S. Thioredoxin Reductase Activity Predicts Gold Nanoparticle Radiosensitization Effect Nanomaterials 2019 9 295 10.3390/nano9020295
Xu Y. Sherwood J.A. Lackey K.H. Qin Y. Bao Y. The Responses of Immune Cells to Iron Oxide Nanoparticles: The Responses of Immune Cells to Iron Oxide Nanoparticles J. Appl. Toxicol. 2016 36 543 553 10.1002/jat.3282 26817529
Larsen E.K.U. Nielsen T. Wittenborn T. Birkedal H. Vorup-Jensen T. Jakobsen M.H. Østergaard L. Horsman M.R. Besenbacher F. Howard K.A. et al. Size-Dependent Accumulation of PEGylated Silane-Coated Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles in Murine Tumors ACS Nano 2009 3 1947 1951 10.1021/nn900330m
Sun H. Jiang C. Wu L. Bai X. Zhai S. Cytotoxicity-Related Bioeffects Induced by Nanoparticles: The Role of Surface Chemistry Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol. 2019 7 414 10.3389/fbioe.2019.00414
Roch A. Gossuin Y. Muller R.N. Gillis P. Superparamagnetic Colloid Suspensions: Water Magnetic Relaxation and Clustering J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 2005 293 532 539 10.1016/j.jmmm.2005.01.070
Santoyo Salazar J. Perez L. de Abril O. Truong Phuoc L. Ihiawakrim D. Vazquez M. Greneche J.-M. Begin-Colin S. Pourroy G. Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles in 10−40 Nm Range: Composition in Terms of Magnetite/Maghemite Ratio and Effect on the Magnetic Properties Chem. Mater. 2011 23 1379 1386 10.1021/cm103188a
Carvalho M.D. Henriques F. Ferreira L.P. Godinho M. Cruz M.M. Iron Oxide Nanoparticles: The Influence of Synthesis Method and Size on Composition and Magnetic Properties J. Solid State Chem. 2013 201 144 152 10.1016/j.jssc.2013.02.024
Daems N. Penninckx S. Nelissen I. Van Hoecke K. Cardinaels T. Baatout S. Michiels C. Lucas S. Aerts A. Gold Nanoparticles Affect the Antioxidant Status in Selected Normal Human Cells Int. J. Nanomed. 2019 14 4991 5015 10.2147/IJN.S203546 31371943
Nie S. Understanding and Overcoming Major Barriers in Cancer Nanomedicine Nanomedicine 2010 5 523 528 10.2217/nnm.10.23 20528447
Nakamura Y. Mochida A. Choyke P.L. Kobayashi H. Nanodrug Delivery: Is the Enhanced Permeability and Retention Effect Sufficient for Curing Cancer? Bioconjug. Chem. 2016 27 2225 2238 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.6b00437 27547843
Hühn D. Kantner K. Geidel C. Brandholt S. De Cock I. Soenen S.J.H. Rivera_Gil P. Montenegro J.-M. Braeckmans K. Müllen K. et al. Polymer-Coated Nanoparticles Interacting with Proteins and Cells: Focusing on the Sign of the Net Charge ACS Nano 2013 7 3253 3263 10.1021/nn3059295
Maiorano G. Sabella S. Sorce B. Brunetti V. Malvindi M.A. Cingolani R. Pompa P.P. Effects of Cell Culture Media on the Dynamic Formation of Protein−Nanoparticle Complexes and Influence on the Cellular Response ACS Nano 2010 4 7481 7491 10.1021/nn101557e
Schweiger C. Hartmann R. Zhang F. Parak W.J. Kissel T.H. Rivera_Gil P. Quantification of the Internalization Patterns of Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles with Opposite Charge J. Nanobiotech. 2012 10 28 10.1186/1477-3155-10-28
Fleischer C.C. Payne C.K. Nanoparticle–Cell Interactions: Molecular Structure of the Protein Corona and Cellular Outcomes Acc. Chem. Res. 2014 47 2651 2659 10.1021/ar500190q
McMahon S.J. Hyland W.B. Muir M.F. Coulter J.A. Jain S. Butterworth K.T. Schettino G. Dickson G.R. Hounsell A.R. O’Sullivan J.M. et al. Biological Consequences of Nanoscale Energy Deposition near Irradiated Heavy Atom Nanoparticles Sci. Rep. 2011 1 18 10.1038/srep00018 22355537
Jones B.L. Krishnan S. Cho S.H. Estimation of Microscopic Dose Enhancement Factor around Gold Nanoparticles by Monte Carlo Calculations: Microscopic Dose Enhancement Factor around Gold Nanoparticles Med. Phys. 2010 37 3809 3816 10.1118/1.3455703 20831089
Ahmad R. Schettino G. Royle G. Barry M. Pankhurst Q.A. Tillement O. Russell B. Ricketts K. Radiobiological Implications of Nanoparticles Following Radiation Treatment Part. Part. Syst. Charact. 2020 37 1900411 10.1002/ppsc.201900411 34526737
Turnbull T. Douglass M. Williamson N.H. Howard D. Bhardwaj R. Lawrence M. Paterson D.J. Bezak E. Thierry B. Kempson I.M. Cross-Correlative Single-Cell Analysis Reveals Biological Mechanisms of Nanoparticle Radiosensitization ACS Nano 2019 13 5077 5090 10.1021/acsnano.8b07982
Pariset E. Penninckx S. Kerbaul C.D. Guiet E. Macha A.L. Cekanaviciute E. Snijders A.M. Mao J.-H. Paris F. Costes S.V. 53BP1 Repair Kinetics for Prediction of In Vivo Radiation Susceptibility in 15 Mouse Strains Radiat. Res. 2020 194 485 499 10.1667/RADE-20-00122.1
Klein S. Sommer A. Distel L.V.R. Neuhuber W. Kryschi C. Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles as Radiosensitizer via Enhanced Reactive Oxygen Species Formation Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 2012 425 393 397 10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.07.108
Winkel D. Bol G.H. Kroon P.S. van Asselen B. Hackett S.S. Werensteijn-Honingh A.M. Intven M.P.W. Eppinga W.S.C. Tijssen R.H.N. Kerkmeijer L.G.W. et al. Adaptive Radiotherapy: The Elekta Unity MR-Linac Concept Clin. Transl. Radiat. Oncol. 2019 18 54 59 10.1016/j.ctro.2019.04.001