Publication: La Atención de Calidad Centrada en la Persona en las residencias de mayores : análisis del modelo “En mi casa” de Castilla y León como buena práctica aplicable a otras comunidades autónomas
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2023-10-16
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
La situación actual hace cada vez más visible la necesidad de realizar cambios en el modelo de atención asistencial que impera en las residencias de mayores en nuestro país, poniendo a la persona en el centro del sistema, garantizando sus derechos, respetando su dignidad, y mejorando su calidad de vida, con propuestas como la Atención Centrada en la Persona (ACP). Un ejemplo de aplicación de este modelo es “En mi casa”, implantado en Castilla y León desde la realización de su prueba piloto en el año 2012, en el que ya se consideraban fundamentales aspectos propios de la ACP como son la autonomía y autodeterminación de las personas que viven en los centros; la frecuente comunicación de profesionales con estas y sus familiares; la realización de actividades cotidianas significativas para las personas a partir del empleo de herramientas como la historia de vida y el proyecto de vida; los nuevos roles profesionales como el/la profesional de referencia, el/la coordinador/a de unidad o el gestor/a de caso; o el espacio físico organizado en unidades de convivencia y con las características propias del concepto de “hogar”. En la presente tesis doctoral ‘La Atención de Calidad Centrada en la Persona en las residencias de mayores: Análisis del modelo “En mi casa” de Castilla y León como buena práctica aplicable a otras comunidades autónomas’ se realiza un análisis de dicho modelo y los efectos del mismo en la calidad de vida de residentes, familiares y profesionales para su posible implantación en otras comunidades del país como una buena práctica en el contexto sociosanitario actual, diseñando los objetivos en respuesta a este propósito. Presenta un marcado carácter participativo, incorporando el discurso de todos/as los/as agentes relacionados con el modelo en las residencias seleccionadas. En esta se han utilizado fuentes primarias de información a partir de la complementación de técnicas tanto cualitativas (análisis documental, DAFO, observación y entrevista en profundidad) como cuantitativas (mediante cuestionario de satisfacción dirigido a auxiliares o profesionales de referencia, y cuestionario de Maslach Burnout Inventory), así como fuentes secundarias documentales...
The current situation makes increasingly visible the need to update the model of care that prevails in nursing homes in our country, placing the person at the center of the system with proposals such as Person-Centered Care (PCC), that guarantees the rights of the elderly, respects their dignity, and improves their quality of life. An example of the application of this model is "En mi casa", implemented in Castilla y León since the completion of its pilot test in 2012. In this completion, aspects of the PCC such as the autonomy and self-determination of the people who live in the centers were already considered fundamental, together with the frequent communication of professionals with the subjects and their families, the performance of meaningful daily activities for people using tools like life history and life project, new professional roles such as the reference professional, the unit coordinator or the case manager, or the organization of the physical space in cohabitation units with the characteristics of the concept of "home".This doctoral thesis 'Person-Centered Quality Care in nursing homes: Analysis of the model "En mi casa" of Castilla y León as a good practice applicable to other autonomous communities' carries out an analysis of this model and the effects of it on the quality of life of residents, relatives and professionals for its possible implementation in other communities of the country as a good practice in the socio-sanitary context, designing the objectives in response to this purpose. It has a marked participatory character, incorporating the discourse of all the agents related to the model in the selected residences. To this end, primary sources of information have been used from the completion of both qualitative (documentary analysis, SWOT, observation and in-depth interview) and quantitative techniques (through satisfaction questionnaires aimed at auxiliaries or reference professionals, and the Maslach Burnout Inventory), as well as secondary documentary sources...
The current situation makes increasingly visible the need to update the model of care that prevails in nursing homes in our country, placing the person at the center of the system with proposals such as Person-Centered Care (PCC), that guarantees the rights of the elderly, respects their dignity, and improves their quality of life. An example of the application of this model is "En mi casa", implemented in Castilla y León since the completion of its pilot test in 2012. In this completion, aspects of the PCC such as the autonomy and self-determination of the people who live in the centers were already considered fundamental, together with the frequent communication of professionals with the subjects and their families, the performance of meaningful daily activities for people using tools like life history and life project, new professional roles such as the reference professional, the unit coordinator or the case manager, or the organization of the physical space in cohabitation units with the characteristics of the concept of "home".This doctoral thesis 'Person-Centered Quality Care in nursing homes: Analysis of the model "En mi casa" of Castilla y León as a good practice applicable to other autonomous communities' carries out an analysis of this model and the effects of it on the quality of life of residents, relatives and professionals for its possible implementation in other communities of the country as a good practice in the socio-sanitary context, designing the objectives in response to this purpose. It has a marked participatory character, incorporating the discourse of all the agents related to the model in the selected residences. To this end, primary sources of information have been used from the completion of both qualitative (documentary analysis, SWOT, observation and in-depth interview) and quantitative techniques (through satisfaction questionnaires aimed at auxiliaries or reference professionals, and the Maslach Burnout Inventory), as well as secondary documentary sources...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Trabajo Social, leída el 16-12-2022