Sex or cannibalism: Polyphenism and kin recognition control social action 
strategies in nematodes

Lightfoot, JW; Dardiry, M; Kalirad, A; Giaimo, S; Eberhardt, G; Witte, H; Wilecki, M; Rödelsperger, C; Traulsen, A; Sommer, RJ

doi:10.1126/sciadv.abg8042

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Sex or cannibalism: Polyphenism and kin recognition control social action strategies in nematodes

MPS-Authors

/persons/resource/persons252140

Lightfoot, JW
Department Integrative Evolutionary Biology, Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons272065

Dardiry, M
Department Integrative Evolutionary Biology, Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons272070

Kalirad, A
Department Integrative Evolutionary Biology, Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons272076

Eberhardt, G
Department Integrative Evolutionary Biology, Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons271111

Witte, H
Department Integrative Evolutionary Biology, Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons272082

Wilecki, M
Department Integrative Evolutionary Biology, Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons50497

Rödelsperger, C
Department Integrative Evolutionary Biology, Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons271084

Sommer, RJ
Department Integrative Evolutionary Biology, Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, Max Planck Society;

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引用

Lightfoot, J., Dardiry, M., Kalirad, A., Giaimo, S., Eberhardt, G., Witte, H., Wilecki, M., Rödelsperger, C., Traulsen, A., & Sommer, R. (2021). Sex or cannibalism: Polyphenism and kin recognition control social action strategies in nematodes. Science Advances, 7(35):. doi:10.1126/sciadv.abg8042.

引用: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-000A-3DA6-7

要旨

Resource polyphenisms, where single genotypes produce alternative feeding strategies in response to changing environments, are thought to be facilitators of evolutionary novelty. However, understanding the interplay between environment, morphology, and behavior and its significance is complex. We explore a radiation of Pristionchus nematodes with discrete polyphenic mouth forms and associated microbivorous versus cannibalistic traits. Notably, comparing 29 Pristionchus species reveals that reproductive mode strongly correlates with mouth-form plasticity. Male-female species exhibit the microbivorous morph and avoid parent-offspring conflict as indicated by genetic hybrids. In contrast, hermaphroditic species display cannibalistic morphs encouraging competition. Testing predation between 36 co-occurring strains of the hermaphrodite P. pacificus showed that killing inversely correlates with genomic relatedness. These empirical data together with theory reveal that polyphenism (plasticity), kin recognition, and relatedness are three major factors that shape cannibalistic behaviors. Thus, developmental plasticity influences cooperative versus competitive social action strategies in diverse animals.