[en] Vortex phase masks have been shown to be an efficient means to reduce the blinding stellar light in high-contrast imaging instruments. Once placed at the focal plane of the telescope, the helical phase ramp of a vortex phase mask diffracts the light of a bright on-axis source outside the re-imaged telescope pupil, while transmitting the light of a faint off-axis companion nearly unaffected. The Annular Groove Phase Mask (AGPM) is a broadband metasurface implementation of a vector vortex phase mask using the artificial birefringence of a circular subwavelength grating etched onto a diamond substrate. To date, the AGPM design has been optimized using rigorous coupled-wave analysis (RCWA), which is a valid tool to simulate periodic straight gratings. However, we have now reached a performance level where the curvature of the grating lines at the center becomes a limiting factor. Here, we use a finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method to correctly describe the AGPM performance, including the effect of the curved grating close to its center. We confirm the validity of this simulation framework by comparing its predictions with experimental results obtained on our infrared coronagraphic test bench, and we show that RCWA fails at reproducing correctly the central AGPM performance, confirming the need for a full 3d simulation tool such as FDTD. Finally, we use FDTD to optimize the grating parameters at the AGPM center, and conclude with a new optimal design.
Disciplines :
Space science, astronomy & astrophysics
Author, co-author :
König, Lorenzo ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Unités de recherche interfacultaires > Space sciences, Technologies and Astrophysics Research (STAR)
Absil, Olivier ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Unités de recherche interfacultaires > Space sciences, Technologies and Astrophysics Research (STAR)
Lobet, Michaël ; Laboratoire de Physique du Solide and Namur Institute for complex systems (naXys), University of Namur, Namur, Belgium
Delacroix, Christian ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département d'astrophysique, géophysique et océanographie (AGO) > Planetary & Stellar systems Imaging Laboratory
Karlsson, Mikael ; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
Orban De Xivry, Gilles ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Unités de recherche interfacultaires > Space sciences, Technologies and Astrophysics Research (STAR)
Loicq, Jerôme ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Centres généraux > CSL (Centre Spatial de Liège) ; Faculty of Aerospace Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands
Language :
English
Title :
Optimal design of the annular groove phase mask central region
Publication date :
18 July 2022
Journal title :
Optics Express
eISSN :
1094-4087
Publisher :
Optica Publishing Group (formerly OSA)
Volume :
30
Issue :
15
Pages :
27048 - 27063
Peer reviewed :
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi
Tags :
CÉCI : Consortium des Équipements de Calcul Intensif
Some of the required computational resources were provided by the Consortium des Équipements de Calcul Intensif (CÉCI), funded by the Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique de Belgique (F.R.S.-FNRS) under Grant No 2.5020.11, and by the Walloon Region.
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